The paper discusses geographical maps (“chertezhi”) of the Russian state from the 17th and the 1st quarter of the 18th century as potential sources for the history of technology. Based on the analysis of several hundred maps, it is concluded that these maps are highly relevant for the history of technology. The types (mills, bridges, factories, etc.) and particular features of the drawings of technical objects on the maps are analyzed. It is highlighted that they feature the drawings of unique objects and that not only the drawings but also the respective legends may carry valuable information for a historian of technology.