The concept of stigma introduced by E. Goffman, a characteristic that deviates from the established norms or stereotypes expected from an individual / group, has proved to be a handy tool widely used in sociology. This paper is devoted to the stigmatization of women interested or professionally engaged in science in Russia in the past and in the present from the historical and contemporary perspective. The factors conducive to stigmatization as well as particular features of women scientists’ professional trajectories are analyzed. The paper continues the years-long studies by the author writing about the gender component of the system of characteristics of scientific community in the USSR and contemporary Russia.