The Division of Technical Sciences (DTS) existed in the Russian Academy of Science from 1935 to 1963. The essay characterizes several distinctive periods in its development that depended on social, economic and political contexts. The first period, 1932–1938, included the planning of the institutionalization of engineering sciences in the Academy of Sciences and the setting up of the DTS. During the second period, the Division worked on tasks related to the third five-year economic plan of 1938–1942. The third and the fourth periods embraced its work during the Great Patriotic War and the postwar reconstruction of the country’s economy (1946–1958), respectively. The final period saw the liquidation of the Division of the Technical Sciences during the reform of the Academy.

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