In 1936 the physiologist N. A. Bernstein completed a book manuscript critical of the then dominant views and approach of I. P. Pavlov. Pavlov died that same year, and in 1937, when Bernstein’s book was already in the printing house, the existing typeset was destroyed. Only one copy of the proof sheets has survived, which includes marginalia by Bernstein, the book’s editor, and possibly some other readers. The author uses this marked copy and the historical context in an attempt to reconstruct the motivations behind Bernstein’s (or someone else’s) decision to withdraw the book from publication.
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